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BAPI Programming and Conventions
BAPI Programming and Conventions introduction tutorial
Programming a BAPI consists of two major tasks: 1. Defining BAPI Data structures in SE11 2. Program a RFC enabled BAPI function module for each method 3. Create a Business object for the BAPI in the BOR 4. Documentation the BAPI 5. Generate ALE interface for aynchronous BAPIs 6. Generate and release
Methods
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| GetList ( ) | With the BAPI GetList you can select a range of object key values, for
example, company codes and material numbers. The BAPI GetList() is a class method. |
| GetDetail() | With the BAPI GetDetail() the details of an instance of a business
object type are retrieved and returned to the calling program. The
instance is identified via its key. The BAPI GetDetail() is an instance
method. |
The following BAPIs of the same object type have to be programmed so that
they can be called several times within one transaction. For example, if, after
sales order 1 has been created, a second sales order 2 is created in the same
transaction, the second BAPI call must not affect the consistency of the sales
order 2. After completing the transaction with a COMMIT WORK, both the orders
are saved consistently in the database.
| Create( ) and CreateFromData( ) |
The BAPIs Create() and CreateFromData() create an instance of an SAP
business object type, for example, a purchase order. These BAPIs are
class methods. |
| Change( ) | The BAPI Change() changes an existing instance of an SAP business object type, for example, a purchase order. The BAPI Change () is an instance method. |
| Delete( ) and Undelete( ) | The BAPI Delete() deletes an instance of an SAP business object type
from the database or sets a deletion flag. The BAPI Undelete() removes a deletion flag. These BAPIs are instance methods. |
| Cancel ( ) | Unlike the BAPI Delete(), the BAPI Cancel() cancels an instance of a business object type. The instance to be cancelled remains in the database and an additional instance is created and this is the one that is actually canceled. The Cancel() BAPI is an instance method. |
| Add |
The BAPI Add |
The BAPIs listed above for creating and changing data can also be used for
mass processing. For more information see BAPIs for Mass Data Transfer [Extern]
| Replicate( ) and SaveReplica( ) | The BAPIs Replicate() and SaveReplica() are implemented as methods of
replicable business object types. They enable specific instances of an
object type to be copied to one or more different systems. These BAPIs
are used mainly to transfer data between distributed systems within the
context of Application Link Enabling (ALE). These BAPIs are class
methods. |
There are some parameters that can be created for various BAPIs because they
contain the same or the equivalent data in all BAPIs. They should be implemented
the same in all BAPIs.
| Address parameters | Specific reference structures are defined for address parameters in
BAPIs. You should copy these structures to use in your BAPI, especially
if the underlying object type uses the central address management (CAM). |
| Change Parameters | In BAPIs that cause database changes (for example, Change() and
Create() BAPIs) you must be able to distinguish between parameter fields
that contain modified values and parameter fields that have not been
modified. This distinction is made through the use of standardized
parameters. |
| Extension parameters | The parameters ExtensionIn and ExtensionOut provides customers with a
mechanism that enables BAPIs to be enhanced without modifications. |
| Return Parameters | Each BAPI must have an export return parameter for returning messages
to the calling application. To provide application programmers with a
consistent error handling process for BAPI calls, all return parameters
must be implemented in the same, standardized way. |
| Selection Parameters | Standardized selection parameters are used in BAPIs that can be used
to search for specific instances of a business object type (e.g. in
GetList() ). These parameters enable the BAPI caller to specify the
relevant selection criteria. |
| Test Run Parameters | The parameter TestRun is used in write BAPIs (Create() and Change() ), to check the entries for the object instance in the database before actually creating the object instance. The creation of the object instance is only simulated and data is not updated. |
| Text Transfer Parameters | To transfer BAPI documentation texts (e.g. the documentation of a business object type), you have to create standardized text transfer parameters. |
It is important to follow the guidelines below when develop9ng BAPIs:
When you use the BAPIs for asynchronous messagning, the application in the sendig systen calls the generated ALE IDoc interface isntead of the BAPI.
Asynchronous BAPIs use the ALE interface this way:
An ALE interface for a BAPi is created in transaction BDBG.
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